{"id":22463,"date":"2019-12-05T16:11:22","date_gmt":"2019-12-05T14:11:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/?post_type=post_profundidad&#038;p=22463"},"modified":"2019-12-10T14:03:08","modified_gmt":"2019-12-10T12:03:08","slug":"origen-del-carbon","status":"publish","type":"post_profundidad","link":"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/en-profundidad\/las-heridas-del-carbon\/origen-del-carbon\/","title":{"rendered":"Origen del carb\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\t\t\t<div class=\"plyr__video-embed\"  data-plyr-provider=\"youtube\" data-plyr-embed-id=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/watch?v=YyaKTfpV-ck\" data-plyr-config=\"{noCookie:true,youtube:{noCookie:true}}\"><\/div>\n    \n<p>En 2018, la <a href=\"http:\/\/datacomex.comercio.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">importaci\u00f3n<\/a> de carb\u00f3n en Espa\u00f1a alcanz\u00f3 un total de 16.435.474,33 de toneladas. Las comunidades de Asturias y Galicia son las que mayor n\u00famero toneladas de carb\u00f3n exportan, 6.037.231,87 y 5.534.011,82, respectivamente.<\/p>\n<script src=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/Chart.js\/2.7.1\/Chart.bundle.min.js\"><\/script>\r\n<script src=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/Chart.js\/2.7.1\/Chart.bundle.min.js\" defer><\/script>\r\n<script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/chartjs-plugin-deferred\" defer><\/script>\r\n<script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/chartjs-subtitle\" defer><\/script>\r\n<link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css?family=:400,700\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\r\n<div class=\"chart-container\" style=\"position: relative; height:400; width:100%\">\r\n  <canvas id=\"importaciones_carbon\" width=\"360\" height=\"350\"><\/canvas>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<script>\r\n  document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function(event) {\r\n    var ctx = document.getElementById(\"importaciones_carbon\");\r\n    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No podemos dar soporte t\u00e9cnico para insertar este gr\u00e1fico en tu site.<\/p>\n        <hr \/>\n\n        \n        <h4>Traduce o adapta<\/h4>\n\n        <!-- LINK TO JSFIDDLE HERE: -->\n\n                  \n                  <p>Traduce o adapta este gr\u00e1fico a partir de su <a href=\"https:\/\/jsfiddle.net\/greenpeace\/co2w6k8j\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">c\u00f3digo fuente<\/a> y lo puedes usar en tu site. Por favor prueba el c\u00f3digo primero para comprobar que funciona en tu site. No podemos dar soporte t\u00e9cnico a la traducci\u00f3n o adaptaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n        \n        \n        <hr \/>\n\n        \n          <!-- LICENSE HERE: -->\n\n          <p><\/p>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/MAP MODAL -->\n\n<p>Los principales proveedores de carb\u00f3n de las t\u00e9rmicas espa\u00f1olas entre 2010 y 2019, por orden, son Colombia, Indonesia, Rusia, y Sud\u00e1frica. En 2018, Indonesia fue el principal proveedor de carb\u00f3n de Espa\u00f1a, cubriendo una cuota de mercado del 27,34 %. El segundo lugar correspondi\u00f3 a Rusia, con una cuota de mercado del 22,48 %. El tercer lugar lo ocupa Colombia, con una cuota de mercado de 21,17 %.<\/p>\n<script src=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/Chart.js\/2.7.1\/Chart.bundle.min.js\"><\/script>\r\n<script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/chart.js@2.7.2\/dist\/Chart.bundle.min.js\" defer><\/script>\r\n<script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/chartjs-plugin-deferred\" defer><\/script>\r\n<script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/chartjs-subtitle\" defer><\/script>\r\n<link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css?family=:400,700\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\r\n<div class=\"chart-container\" style=\"position: relative; height:500; width:100%\">\r\n  <canvas id=\"tarta_importaciones\" width=\"360\" height=\"400\"><\/canvas>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<script>\r\n  document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function(event) {\r\n    var ctx = document.getElementById(\"tarta_importaciones\").getContext(\"2d\");\r\n    Chart.defaults.global.defaultFontFamily = \"'Work Sans',sans-serif\";\r\n    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No podemos dar soporte t\u00e9cnico para insertar este gr\u00e1fico en tu site.<\/p>\n        <hr \/>\n\n        \n        <h4>Traduce o adapta<\/h4>\n\n        <!-- LINK TO JSFIDDLE HERE: -->\n\n                  \n                  <p>Traduce o adapta este gr\u00e1fico a partir de su <a href=\"https:\/\/jsfiddle.net\/greenpeace\/qe6m04yx\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">c\u00f3digo fuente<\/a> y lo puedes usar en tu site. Por favor prueba el c\u00f3digo primero para comprobar que funciona en tu site. No podemos dar soporte t\u00e9cnico a la traducci\u00f3n o adaptaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n        \n        \n        <hr \/>\n\n        \n          <!-- LICENSE HERE: -->\n\n          <p><\/p>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/MAP MODAL -->\n\n<p>Entre los a\u00f1os 2000 y 2019 un total de 1.041 operadores han importado carb\u00f3n a Espa\u00f1a, seg\u00fan la informaci\u00f3n del Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo (MINCOTUR). 172 de estos operadores importaron carb\u00f3n de Colombia, Indonesia, Rusia y Sud\u00e1frica, pero a su vez 672 operadores proveen a las t\u00e9rmicas espa\u00f1olas con carb\u00f3n procedente de Alemania, Pa\u00edses Bajos y Francia. Estos pa\u00edses son importadores de carb\u00f3n de terceros como Australia, Colombia, Sud\u00e1frica y Rusia. No hay datos disponibles que permitan confirmar el verdadero origen del carb\u00f3n que se mueve entre los pa\u00edses miembros de la UE.<\/p>\n<p>Las empresas de energ\u00eda tampoco suelen proporcionar informaci\u00f3n sobre la procedencia del carb\u00f3n que utilizan en las operaciones de sus centrales. Solo Endesa se\u00f1ala en su Informe de Actividades de 2018 que la empresa contrat\u00f3 9,4 millones de toneladas de carb\u00f3n de importaci\u00f3n, de los cuales ha transportado 7,6 millones de toneladas que provienen principalmente de Indonesia (70%), Colombia (21%) y el resto del B\u00e1ltico y de los Estados Unidos (12%). No obstante, no se\u00f1ala de manera espec\u00edfica la cantidad y la procedencia del carb\u00f3n utilizado por cada una de sus centrales t\u00e9rmicas en operaci\u00f3n. En la consulta realizada a las empresas sobre la cantidad y la procedencia del carb\u00f3n utilizado en sus centrales t\u00e9rmicas para la elaboraci\u00f3n del informe Carb\u00f3n y Derechos Humanos, Naturgy respondi\u00f3 que la lista de los pa\u00edses donde compran el carb\u00f3n es informaci\u00f3n reservada por razones de competitividad. Endesa, EDP Espa\u00f1a, Iberdrola y Viesgo no respondieron a la consulta.<\/p>\n    <!-- MAPA PA\u00cdSES EXPORTADORES CARB\u00d3N A ESPA\u00d1A -->\r\n    <link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text\/css\" href=\"https:\/\/unpkg.com\/leaflet@1.4.0\/dist\/leaflet.css\" \/>\r\n    <script src=\"https:\/\/unpkg.com\/leaflet@1.4.0\/dist\/leaflet.js\" defer><\/script>\r\n    <div id=\"geoJsonMap\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 420px;\"><\/div>\r\n    <script src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/gpes-static\/informe-carbon\/datos_paises.js\" type=\"text\/javascript\" defer><\/script>\r\n    <script src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/gpes-static\/informe-carbon\/problemas_carbon.js\" defer><\/script>\r\n    <!-- \/MAPA PA\u00cdSES EXPORTADORES CARB\u00d3N A ESPA\u00d1A  -->\n<!-- MAP FOOTER -->\n<div class=\"clearfix\" style=\"font-size: 85%;\">\n\n  <span class=\"float-left\">\n        <\/span>\n\n  <span class=\"float-right\">\n\n  <!-- MAKE SURE THE DATA-TARGET MATCHES THE ID -->\n      \n        <script>\n            var analyticsEvent = function(category, action, label) {\n                if (typeof(gtag) == \"function\") {\n                    gtag('event', action, {\n                        'event_category': category,\n                        'event_label': label\n                    });\n                }\n            };\n        <\/script>\n            <a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" data-toggle=\"modal\" data-target=\"#mapacarbon1\" title=\"Difundir este mapa\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" onclick=\"analyticsEvent('Infobox', 'click', 'Descargar');\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/es-greenpeace-org\/ico\/download.svg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n                Descargar gr\u00e1fico y\/o datos\n            <\/a>\n        <\/span>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/MAP FOOTER -->\n\n<!-- MAP MODAL -->\n<style>\n  .download-modal code {\n    font-size: 0.8em;\n    margin-bottom: 1em;\n    background-color: #fff;\n    color: #bbb;\n    display: block;\n    line-height: 1.4em;\n    overflow-wrap: break-word;\n  }\n\n  .download-modal h4,\n  .download-modal p,\n  .download-modal code {\n    text-align: left;\n  }\n<\/style>\n\n<!-- MAKE SURE THE ID BELLOW MATCHES THE DATA TARGET ABOVE -->\n\n<div class=\"modal fade download-modal\" id=\"mapacarbon1\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"dialog\" aria-labelledby=\"mapaModalLongTitle\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n  <div class=\"modal-dialog\" role=\"document\">\n    <div class=\"modal-content\">\n      <div class=\"modal-header\">\n        <h3 class=\"modal-title\" id=\"mapaModalLongTitle\">\n            Difunde este mapa                                <\/h3>\n        <button type=\"button\" class=\"close\" data-dismiss=\"modal\" aria-label=\"Close\">\n                    <span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span>\n                <\/button>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"modal-body\">\n\n        \n        <!-- LINKS TO SOCIAL MEDIA IMAGES HERE: -->\n\n                \n        \n                <h4>\n            Inserta el mapa en tu site                                <\/h4>\n        \n        <p>Inserta este mapa adaptable en tu site, a\u00f1adiendo el siguiente c\u00f3digo:<\/p>\n                  \n        \n        <p><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/jsfiddle.net\/greenpeace\/ykz0ongf\/\" class=\"link button-2 h-auto mt-3 d-block d-md-inline-block text-center py-3 py-md-2\">Obtener c\u00f3digo<\/a><\/p>\n\n        <p>Ten en cuenta que algunos sites no te dejan a\u00f1adir HTML o Javascript. No podemos dar soporte t\u00e9cnico para insertar este mapa en tu site.<\/p>                  \n        \n        <hr \/>\n\n        \n        <h4>Traduce o adapta<\/h4>\n\n        <!-- LINK TO JSFIDDLE HERE: -->\n\n                  <p>Traduce o adapta este mapa a partir de su <a href=\"https:\/\/jsfiddle.net\/greenpeace\/ykz0ongf\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">c\u00f3digo fuente<\/a> y lo puedes usar en tu site. Por favor prueba el c\u00f3digo primero para comprobar que funciona en tu site. No podemos dar soporte t\u00e9cnico a la traducci\u00f3n o adaptaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n                  \n        \n        \n        <hr \/>\n\n        \n          <!-- LICENSE HERE: -->\n\n          <p><\/p>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/MAP MODAL -->\n\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":22464,"parent":22407,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22463","post_profundidad","type-post_profundidad","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cambio-climatico"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Origen del carb\u00f3n - ES | Greenpeace Espa\u00f1a<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/en-profundidad\/las-heridas-del-carbon\/origen-del-carbon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Origen del carb\u00f3n - ES | Greenpeace Espa\u00f1a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En 2018, la importaci\u00f3n de carb\u00f3n en Espa\u00f1a alcanz\u00f3 un total de 16.435.474,33 de toneladas. Las comunidades de Asturias y Galicia son las que mayor n\u00famero toneladas de carb\u00f3n exportan, 6.037.231,87 y 5.534.011,82, respectivamente. Los principales proveedores de carb\u00f3n de las t\u00e9rmicas espa\u00f1olas entre 2010 y 2019, por orden, son Colombia, Indonesia, Rusia, y Sud\u00e1frica. 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The environment at the mine is filled with fly ash, sulphur and methane fumes while the waters are contaminated by waste sludge and noxious chemicals.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/en-profundidad\/las-heridas-del-carbon\/origen-del-carbon\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Las heridas del carb\u00f3n\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/en-profundidad\/las-heridas-del-carbon\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Origen del carb\u00f3n\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/\",\"name\":\"Greenpeace Espa\u00f1a\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Greenpeace Espa\u00f1a\",\"alternateName\":\"Greenpeace\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2024\/07\/greenpeace-logo-verde.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2024\/07\/greenpeace-logo-verde.svg\",\"width\":1,\"height\":1,\"caption\":\"Greenpeace Espa\u00f1a\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/greenpeace.spain\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/greenpeace_esp\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/greenpeace_esp\/\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Origen del carb\u00f3n - ES | Greenpeace Espa\u00f1a","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/es.greenpeace.org\/es\/en-profundidad\/las-heridas-del-carbon\/origen-del-carbon\/","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Origen del carb\u00f3n - ES | Greenpeace Espa\u00f1a","og_description":"En 2018, la importaci\u00f3n de carb\u00f3n en Espa\u00f1a alcanz\u00f3 un total de 16.435.474,33 de toneladas. 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